Di dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris, kita mengenal bentuk kalimat yang mengandung conditional sentence. Di pembahasan kali ini, kita akan membahas tentang contoh kalimat, pengertian, sampai jenis-jenis dari conditional sentence tersebut. Dimana conditional sentence digunakan dalam Bahasa Inggris untuk membuat kalimat pengandaian.
Sebenarnya apa sih pengertian conditional sentence itu?
Conditional sentence adalah suatu kalimat Bahasa Inggris yang menyatakan kalimat pengandaian. Tujuan dari kalimat pengandaian ini dalam Bahasa Indonesia untuk mengandaikan sesuatu hal dari suatu kejadian yang telah terjadi atau yang akan terjadi.
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence dalam Bahasa Indonesia yaitu:
- Andaikan saya datang lebih cepat, maka saya tidak akan ketinggalan acara tersebut.
- Andaikan saya belajar dengan rajin, maka saya dapat diterima masuk kampus favorit.
Kondisi-kondisi tersebut diatas penulisannya dalam Bahasa Inggris diatur secara khusus dan disebut sebagai conditional sentence atau kalimat pengandaian.
Conditional sentence terdiri dari beberapa jenis, dimana penggunaannya tergantung dari kondisi dan fungsi kalimatnya. Dasar klausa dari conditional sentence yaitu terdiri dari dua klausa, yaitu If clause dan main clause, dan bentuk tenses dari kedua klausa ini dapat berubah berdasarkan jenis conditional sentencenya.
Yang perlu diingat dalam kalimat pengandaian, jika if clause di depan kalimat, maka harus ada tanda koma setelah if clause (,) barulah ditambahkan main clause. Tetapi jika main clause berada di depan kalimat, tidak perlu ditambahkan koma (,) setelah main clause (result) dan kalimat langsung dilanjutkan dengan if clause atau condition.
Dibawah ini adalah beberapa contoh kalimat conditional sentence, baik yang if clause di depan kalimat ataupun if clause yang di belakang kalimat.
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence | Terjemahannya |
| If I don’t study, I will fail the test. | Jika saya tidak belajar, maka saya akan gagal dalam ujian. |
| If I attend the party, my wife will get angry. | Jika saya datang ke pesta tersebut, maka istri saya akan marah. |
| If it rains, he will not attend soccer practice. | Jika hujan, maka ia tidak akan menghadiri latihan sepak bola. |
| I will tell him to call you if I see him | Saya akan memberitahu dia untuk menelponmu jika saya melihatnya. |
| I will cancel the meeting if she comes late. | Saya akan membatalkan pertemuan ini jika dia datang terlambat. |
| If I join your club, will you teach me how to swim? | Jika saya bergabung dengan klub anda, maukah anda mengajari saya berenang? |
Jenis-Jenis Conditional Sentence
Conditional sentence terdiri dari empat (4) jenis tipe. Apa sajakah jenis-jenisnya? Berikut akan dijelaskan jenis-jenis dari kalimat pengandaian tersebut.
Conditional Sentence Tipe 0
Tipe dari conditional sentence Tipe 0 ini adalah untuk menjelaskan suatu fakta atau kebenaran yang sudah biasa atau lazim terjadi, dimana keadaannya sudah umum atau sudah pasti terjadi.
Stuktur dari Conditional Sentence tipe 0 adalah;
| If + Simple Present Tense (Condition), + Simple Present Tense (Result) (If clause) (Main clause) |
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Tipe 0: |
| If you eat more fruits and vegetables, you get healthier. Or You get healthier if you eat more fruits and vegetables. Kondisi dari kalimat diatas menyatakan bahwa jika anda mengkonsumsi banyak buah-buahan dan sayuran maka akan menjadi lebih sehat. |
| If I don’t wake up at 7 am, I am late for school. |
| If you work more and sleep less, you get sick. |
| I visit my grandparents if it is weekend. |
| Nobody believes you if you always lie. |
| If Maria can’t drink coffee in the morning, she gets a terrible headache. |
| If you stay up late, you get sick. |
| If children study hard, their parents are happy. |
Conditional Sentence Tipe 1
Conditional sentence tipe 1 untuk menggambarkan suatu keadaan atau situasi yang mungkin saja terjadi di masa yang akan datang atau masa depan (future), dimana kemungkinannya cukup besar dan benar-benar akan terjadi.
Struktur Conditional Sentence Tipe 1 adalah:
| If + Simple Present Tense (Condition) , + Simple Future Tense (Result) (If clause) (Main clause) |
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Tipe 1: |
| If She’s free this weekend, she will go with us. Or She will go with us if she’s free this weekend. Kondisi dari kalimat diatas, menyatakan bahwa dia akan pergi dengan mereka jika dia mempunyai waktu kosong di hari weekend. |
| If Bob pays me today, I will buy something for her. |
| If he passes the test, his father will buy him a new laptop. |
| Her mother will take her on vacation if she comes home. |
| She will have 70% chance of winning if she joins the tournament. |
| If I have enough time I will write a letter for my cousin. |
| If Susan cries, it will be your fault. |
| If My brother wins the contest, I will give him a nice watch. |
| If Naira comes to my house, I will ask her to stay overnight. |
Conditional Sentence Tipe 2
Pada conditional sentence tipe 2 perbedaannya dengan tipe 1 adalah pada keadaan atau situasinya, dimana conditional sentence tipe 2 ini untuk menggambarkan suatu keadaan atau situasi yang tidak realistis atau mempunyai kemungkinan kecil untuk menjadi kenyataan. Misalnya membayangkan suatu khayalan atau impian yang sulit untuk menjadi kenyataan.
Yang perlu di perhatikan pada tipe kalimat conditional sentence ini adalah walau pun subjectnya berbentuk singular (He, She,It) tetapi bentuk tenses Past tensenya menggunakan “were”, contohnya;
- If I were you, I would buy a car.
- If she were a boy, she would be a carpenter.
Hal ini dikarenakan “were” dapat digunakan untuk semua orang (He, She, I, You, They, We) yang terdapat pada kalimat conditional sentence ini, jadi kita dapat menggunakan kata She were, He were, I were.
Baca Juga : Contoh Simple Present Tense Rumus dan Ciri-Ciri Kalimatnya
Struktur Conditional Sentence Tipe 2 adalah:
| If + Past Tense (Condition) , Would + Infinitive (Result) (If clause) (Main clause) |
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Tipe 2: |
| If I were rich, I would travel around the world. Or I would travel around the world if I were rich. Kondisi kalimat diatas, menggambarkan bahwa orang tersebut tidak kaya. Karenanya dia tidak dapat keliling dunia. |
| If I had a younger brother, I would love him so much. |
| If I had a son, he would be the most important person in my life. |
| If My Father attended my show, I would be the happiest person in the world. |
| If I were in your shoes, I wouldn’t do that. |
| If I saw Ben Affleck, I would get his autograph. |
| If she ate that apple, she would get an allergic. |
| I would visit the Buckingham Palace if I lived in London. |
| If Shander asked me, I would accept his proposal. |
Conditional Sentence Tipe 3
Pada jenis tipe ini, perbedaanya dari tipe 1 dan 2 adalah kepada situasinya, jika pada situasi tipe 2 menggambarkan suatu kondisi yang belum terjadi. Pada conditional sentence tipe 3 ini kejadiannya/situasinya sudah terjadi, digunakan untuk membayangkan suatu kejadian di masa lalu, dan berandai andai jika masa lalu dapat dirubah.
Struktur Conditional Sentence Tipe 3 adalah:
| If + Past Perfect (Condition) , Would have + V3 (Result) (If clause) (Main clause) |
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Tipe 3: |
| If he had been contented with his job, he would have stayed. Or He would have stayed if he had been contented with his job. Kondisi kalimat diatas, menggambarkan bahwa dia tidak puas dengan pekerjaannya, makanya dia pergi. |
| If I had seen her, I would have told her to call you. |
| I would have passed the exam if I had studied. |
| If Julia had a Pony, she would have very happy. |
| If Laila hadn’t moved to another city, we would have been good friends. |
| If I had a new suit, I would have been a best performance. |
| If Ahmad hadn’t lied, his girlfriend wouldn’t have broken up with him. |
| I would have given up if she hadn’t supported me. |
| She would have slept early if I had come early. |
Contoh Soal
- If the teachers _______ late to submit the grade, students will not be listed.
a) Be
b) Are
c) Were
d) Have
- If my sister _______ here, she _______ us with this works.
a) is, would help
b) was, will help
c) were, will help
d) were, would help
- They _______ the job if you were not late to the interview.
a) Would get
b) Would be gotten
c) Would have gotten
d) Would have been gotten
- We assisted your father to push the truck. If we hadn’t helped him, he _______ with us.
a) Will get angry
b) Would have gotten angry
c) Should angry
d) Would get angry
- _______ his shyness, he would have become a great actor.
a) If He had overcome
b) If had he overcome
c) If He overcome
d) If He would overcome
- If we don’t hurry, the game _______ by the time we get there.
a) Would have started
b) Will have started
c) Will be started
d) Will start
- I will visit your house _______
a) If I come to Bandung
b) If I came to Bandung
c) If I will come to Bandung
d) If I would come to Bandung
- If I were you _______
a) I will buy a Lamborghini
b) I would buy a Lamborghini
c) I would have bought a Lamborghini
d) I would have been buying a Lamborghini
- My Uncle would buy me a new dress _______
a) If I passed the state University test
b) If I have passed the state University test
c) If I pass the state University test
d) If I am passing the state University test
- If I had gone with my family six hours ago to our villa, _______
a) I would not be alone right now
b) I will not be alone right now
c) I am not be alone right now
d) I was not be alone right now
Majoring in Technology of Education, concentration in English Education Method of Teaching. Handle class, Room Class Teacher, make a presentation in the class with English language.